2005北京太奇培训学校考研英语讲座 (一)           2005 – KY-- 1

                                                                             朱泰祺主讲               I. Reading Comprehension                                 内部资料 翻印必究  

Text  1
Hunting for a job last year， lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder， a database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent”. It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location， title， and salary， then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal， intellectual property， and Washington， D.C. Three weeks later， he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold.” Says Redmon， who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.

With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet， finding promising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon， career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria， for example， may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility.” says one expert.

For any job search， you should start with a narrow concept – what you think you want to do – then broaden it. “None of these programs do that，” says another expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in all of this.” Instead， the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail， consider it a reminder to check the database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me，” says the author of a job-searching guide.  

Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’s agent sends out message to those who have signed up for its service， for example， it includes only three potential jobs – those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hinters will have to visit the site again to find them – and they do. “On the day after we send our message， we see a sharp increase in our traffic，” says Seth Peets， vice president of marketing for CareerSite.

Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed， Redmon maintains his agent as CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open，” he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.  (428 words)

Notes：database 数据库。stumble across 偶然遇到。personal search agent 个人求职中介。feature （电视节目、大减价等）特别吸引人的东西。key in 用电脑键盘输入。strike gold (=discover a rich source of information， wealth， happiness， etc) 称心如意。work against 对…不利，妨碍。keep abreast of及时了解。sign up for 签约得到…。keep a close watch on 密切注视…。

1.      How did Redmon find his job?

A. By searching openings in a job database.

B. By posting a matching position in a database.

   C. Using a special service of a database.

   D. By E-mailing his resume to a database.

2.      Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?

A. Lack of counseling.

B. Limited number of visits.

C. Lower efficiency.

D. Fewer successful matches.

3.      The expression “tip service” (Paragraph 3) most probably means

A. advisory.         B. compensation.          C. interaction.      D. reminder.

4.      Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?

A. To focus on better job matches.

B. To attract more returning visits.

   C. To reserve space for more messages.

   D. To increase the rate of success.

5.      Which of the following is true according to the text?

            A. Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.

   B. Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.

   C. Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.

   D. Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.

正确答案：C. A. D. B. C

文 章 解 析

注意：做阅读理解题首先要注意，先抓住文章的主题。

第一段：Redmon通过求职资料库里的个人中介找到了一份工作。
"counsel"——法律顾问，辩护律师
"matching position"——合适的工作
对应第1题：细节理解题。
解题技巧：1.划出提纲里的信号词。——"How"
          2.核对每一个细节，把握段落中心思想。
  A.为强干扰项
  C .By using a special of a database
  答案为：C

第二段：求职中介存在的缺点。
But:转折词，重点词汇
对应第2题：细节理解题。
   B.为优点      D为所有求职中介普遍存在的问题
答案为：A

第三段：进一步说明這种个人求职中介存在的缺点。
对应第3题：词组设意题。
解题技巧：瞻前顾后。30%看前，70%看后。
答案为：D （提醒，提示）

第四段：网站设计中介的意图。即网站设让求职者不断地回访。
对应第4题：逻辑结构题——即段落内部，论据与论点之间的关系。
答案为：B

第五段：个人求职中介对有工作的人来说也是有价值的。
对应第5题：段落主旨题。
答案为：C

Text  2

Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game” of espionage -- spying as a “profession.” These days the Net， which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail， is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well.

    The latest revolution isn’t simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen’s e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years， the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying. The spooks call it “open source intelligence，” and as the Net grows， it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner， by a large margin， was a tiny Virginia company called Open Source Solutions， whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.

    Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford， Inc.， a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin， Texas. Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying (covering Chile and Russia) to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International. Many of its predictions are available online at www.straitford.com.

    Straitford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution， a spymaster’s dream. Last week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine. “As soon as that report runs， we’ll suddenly get 500 new Internet sign-ups from Ukraine，” says Friedman， a former political science professor. “And we’ll hear back from some of them.” Open-source spying does have its risk， of course， since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad. That’s where Straitford earns its keep.

    Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin. Several of his staff members have military intelligence backgrounds. He sees the firm’s outsider status as the key to its success. Straitford briefs don’t sound like usual Washington back-and-forthing， whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong. Straitford， says Friedman， takes pride in its independent voice.  (396 words)

1. The emergence of the Net has __________.

  A. received support from fans like Donovan

  B. remolded the intelligence services

  C. restored many common pastimes

  D. revived spying as a profession

2. Donovan’s story is mentioned in the text to ________.

  A. introduce the topic of online spying

  B. show how he fought for the U.S.

  C. give an episode of the information war

  D. honor his unique services to the CIA

3. The phrase ‘making the biggest splash’ (line 1， paragraph 3) most probably means _________.

  A. causing the biggest trouble

  B. exerting the greatest effort

  C. achieving the greatest success

  D. enjoying the widest popularity

4. It can be learned from paragraph 4 that _________.

  A. Straitford’s prediction about Ukraine has proved true

  B. Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information

  C. Straitford’s business is characterized by unpredictability

  D. Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information

5. Straitford is most proud of its __________.

  A. official status    B. nonconformist image

  C. efficient staff     D. military background

  Word Study

1. by a … margin 以…之差：1) We won the game by a large/narrow margin.  2) He won the election by only one vote margin. (他只靠一票之差赢了這次选举。)

2. make a splash 引人注目，引起轰动：She has made quite a splash in literary circles with her first book. （她的第一本书在文学界大为轰动。）

3. earn one’s keep 挣钱养活自己：When you earn your keep， you will be able to do many things that your parents cannot afford to let you do now. (等你自己挣钱时，你就可以做许多目前你父母没有力量同意你做的事。)earn one’s living (=earn one’s livelihood) 挣钱糊口，谋生。

4. on the chance of (或that) 怀着…的希望，期望…：1) Go ahead with the printing on the chance that no major correction may prove necessary. （开印吧，希望将来不需要有重大的勘误。）  2) I’ll call at his office on the chance of seeing him before he leaves. （我将到他办公室去拜访他，希望能在他下班前见到他。）

5. take pride in … 以…而自豪：1) Don’t take pride in your son.  2) He took (a) great pride in being a member of the club. pride oneself on sth./doing sth. 以…而自豪：She prides herself on her skill as a gardener.   

正确答案：B.  A.  C.  D.  B

文 章 解 析

第一段：互联网改变了间谍职业。
关键词："Internet"  ，  "spying"
对应第1题
文中"re-made" ， "reshaping"——对应D.remold使重新成型，改变
  答案为：B

第二段：进一步阐述间谍工作的革命。
  "spooks":超纲词"间谍"         
对应第2题：逻辑结构题。
                        ——引出文章主题。
答案为：A

第三段：举例说明。
对应第3题：词组设意题。
解题技巧：瞻前顾后。30%看前，70%看后。
答案为：C

第四段：Straitford 公司所取得的成果。
   "sign-ups"："收集"
对应第4题："fairly reliable"："还算是可靠的"。
答案为：D

第五段：Straitford 为他局外人的地位和独立的声音而自豪。
   "back-and-forthing"："来来往往的报告"
对应第5题： "nonconformist"："不墨守陈规的，即独立的"。
答案为：B

阅读理解方法：把握主题抓宏线；理解段落抓重点；针对问题找答案。
※ 修改：qibin2004于2004-09-03 10:01:17修改本文

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